Boston, the capital city of Massachusetts, is one of the oldest cities in the United States and a major cultural, economic, and educational hub in New England. With a population of around 700,000 in the city proper and over 4.8 million in the metropolitan area, Boston is known for its rich colonial history, diverse neighborhoods, and vibrant academic environment, housing world-renowned institutions such as Harvard University and MIT nearby. The city experiences a humid continental climate, characterized by cold, snowy winters and warm, humid summers, making seasonal changes prominent. English is the primary language spoken, and the U.S. dollar is the currency. Boston’s economy is diverse, with strong sectors including finance, healthcare, biotechnology, education, tourism, and technology. The city benefits from a well-developed public transportation system operated by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), including buses, subways (the "T"), and commuter rails, making it easy to navigate without a car. Boston is famous for its walkability, historic landmarks, and waterfront areas along the Boston Harbor and Charles River. The city prides itself on cultural diversity, with vibrant communities including Irish, Italian, African American, and Asian populations, contributing to its dynamic culinary and arts scenes. The city offers a mix of modern urban life and preserved historical charm, with green spaces such as the Boston Common and Public Garden providing natural retreats. Boston is also a healthcare and research center, with several top medical facilities and hospitals. Overall, Boston is a city that seamlessly blends history, education, innovation, and cultural richness, making it a unique and influential American city.